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There are a
number of Sikhs fairs and festivals in one year. On such occasion
Sikhs usually tends to visit Gurdwaras and ask blessings from
God. Moreover, during each festival, there is free langar at every
Gurdwara for everyone.
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Festivals in
the Sikh religion ranges from either the birth or death anniversary
of ten Gurus, the birth of Khalsa, an historic event in the Sikh
history and many more.
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Important anniversaries
associated with the lives of the Gurus are referred to as Gurpurabs.
These are usually marked at Gurdwaras with Akand Path (continuous
cover to cover reading of Sri Guru Granth Sahib) concluding on
the specific day.
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There is also
Kirtan (musical recitation of hymns from Sri Guru Granth Sahib)
as well as Katha (lectures on Sikhism).
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Some places
also have nagar kirtan, where there is a procession with Sri Guru
Granth Sahib led by 5 Sikhs carrying Nishan Sahibs (the Sikh flag).
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Free sweets
and langar are also offered to the general public outside some
Gurdwaras.
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Among
the larger Gurpurb celebrations are:
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The birth
and death anniversaries of the Ten Gurus.
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The installation
of the Holy Granth as the Spiritual Guide (Guru ) of the
Sikhs.
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The birth
of the Khalsa i.e. Baisakhi Day.
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Martyrdom
days of the prominent Sikhs who died for the sake of their
religion.
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Guru Amar Das
Ji first institutionalized this as one of the special days when
all Sikhs would gather to receive the Gurus blessings at Goindwal
in 1567.
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In 1699 Guru
Gobind Singh Sahib Ji gathered thousands of Sikhs at Anandpur
Sahib and founded the Khalsa Panth (Khalsa brotherhood) by baptizing
5 brave Sikhs who were willing to give their lives for the Guru.
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The Five Beloved
Ones (Panj Piare) in turn baptized Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji
into the Khalsa brotherhood. This day marks the birth of Khalsa
and is celebrated on April 13 every year.
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Many Sikhs choose
to be baptized into the Khalsa brotherhood on this day, as well
the wrappings of the Nishan Sahib flag post at most gurdwaras
are changed on the Baisakhi day.
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The Indian festival
of lights held around mid of October. Guru Amar Das Ji also institutionalized
this as one of the special days when all Sikhs would gather to
receive the Gurus blessings at Goindwal. In 1588 the foundation
stone of The Golden Temple was laid on Diwali.
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On Diwali 1619
the Golden Temple was illuminated with many lights to welcome
home and celebrate the release of Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji from
imprisonment in Gwalior fort. .
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Sikhs have continued
this annual celebration with lamps being lit outside gurdwaras
and sweets distributed to all. The largest gathering happens at
the Golden Temple which is lit up with thousands of lights.
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Sikhs visit
gurdwaras and listen to kirtan on this day to commemorate the
martyrdom of the Forty Immortals.
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The largest
gathering happens at Muktsar where an annual fair is held. It
occurs on the first day of Maghar Sangrant, around January 14.
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Forty followers
of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji, who had previously deserted him,
fought bravely against the overwhelming Mughal army forces and
were martyred here.
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Guru Gobind
Singh Sahib Ji personally blessed them as having achieved mukti
(liberation) and cremated them at Muktsar.
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An annual festival
of thousands held at Anandpur Sahib. It was started by Guru Gobind
Singh Sahib Ji as a gathering of Sikhs for military exercises
and mock battles on this day.
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The mock battles
were followed by music and poetry competitions. The Nihang Singh's
carry on the martial tradition with mock battles and displays
of swordsmanship and horse riding.
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There are also
a number of durbars where Sri Guru Granth Sahib is present and
kirtan and religious lectures take place. The festival culminates
in a large parade headed by the Nishan Sahibs of the gurdwaras
in the region. Hola Mohalla is held around March 17.
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This is the
time when the sun passes from one sign of the zodiac to the next.
It is the start of the new month in the Indian calendar.
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The beginning
of the new month is announced in the gurdwaras by the reading
of portions of Bara Maha, Song of the 12 Months, by Guru Arjan
Dev Ji (pg. 133) or sometimes Bara Maha by Guru Nanak Dev Ji (pg.
1107).
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This day just
simply marks the beginning of the new month and is not treated
as being greater or better than any other day.
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